Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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Organisms that cannot make
their own food and must eat other organisms to survive are known as A. | autotrophs | B. | heterotrophs | C. | producers | D. | plants | | | | | | | | |
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2.
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Enzymes are polymers of many
____________ linked together. A. | amino
acids | B. | simple sugars | C. | proteins | D. | starches | | | | | | | | |
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3.
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ATP is a compound that is
synthesized when A. | chemical bonds between carbon atoms are formed during
photosynthesis | B. | energy stored in chemical bonds is released during cellular
respiration | C. | energy stored in nitrogen is released, forming amino
acids | D. | digestive enzymes break amino acids into smaller
parts | | |
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4.
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Which structure in a cell
corresponds with the function of the human lungs? A. | nucleus | B. | vacuole | C. | cell
membrane | D. | mitochondria | | | | | | | | |
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5.
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Which group of organic
compounds includes enzymes? A. | fats | B. | sugars | C. | starches | D. | proteins | | | | | | | | |
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6.
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The raw materials that the body
needs for growth and repair come from A. | water | C. | unsaturated fats | B. | carbohydrates | D. | proteins | | | | |
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7.
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Living organisms must be able
to obtain materials, change the materials into new forms, remove poisons, and move needed material
from one place to another. Many of these activities directly require A. | energy released from ATP | B. | carbohydrates formed from receptor
molecules | C. | the synthesis of DNA | D. | the breakdown of energy-rich inorganic molecules | | |
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The diagram below shows a cell
performing important metabolic processes:
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8.
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In the diagram above, what
process is happening at the point in the diagram labeled "3"? A. | synthesis | B. | respiration | C. | digestion | D. | growth | | | | | | | | |
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9.
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The process occurring in the
diagram above at the point labeled "1" is most similar to the processes that occur in the
human A. | small intestine | B. | large intestine | C. | mouth | D. | stomach | | | | | | | | |
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10.
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The process occurring in the
diagram above at the point labeled "4" is most similar to the processes that occur in the
human A. | small intestine | B. | large intestine | C. | mouth | D. | stomach | | | | | | | | |
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11.
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All of the cell shapes shown in
the diagrams below have the same volume. Which form could absorb nutrients most efficiently and
quickly?
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12.
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Denaturing changes the
_________ of a protein, which then changes the __________ of the protein. A. | amino acids; simple sugars | C. | starch; temperature | B. | shape; activity | D. | specificness; sugars | | | | |
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13.
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To remain healthy, organisms
must be able to obtain materials, change the materials, move the materials around, and get rid of
waste. These activities directly require A. | energy from
ATP | C. | nutrients from inorganic sources | B. | the replication of DNA | D. | manipulation of altered genes | | | | |
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14.
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The energy an organism requires
to transport materials and eliminate wastes is obtained directly from A. | DNA | B. | hormones | C. | starch | D. | ATP | | | | | | | | |
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15.
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Which process is directly used
by autotrophs to store energy in glucose? A. | diffusion | B. | respiration | C. | photosynthesis | D. | active transport | | | | | | | | |
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16.
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In humans, most of the building
blocks necessary for the synthesis of organic compounds come from the A. | products of excretion | C. | end-products of digestion | B. | products of cellular respiration | D. | breakdown of white blood
cells | | | | |
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17.
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In heterotrophs, energy for the
life processes comes from the chemical energy stored in the bonds of A. | water molecules | C. | organic compounds | B. | oxygen molecules | D. | inorganic compounds | | | | |
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18.
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Proteins are synthesized from
less complex organic compounds known as A. | carbons | B. | starches | C. | enzymes | D. | amino acids | | | | | | | | |
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19.
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The raw materials used by green
plants for photosynthesis are A. | carbon dioxide and
water | C. | carbon dioxide and glucose | B. | oxygen and
glucose | D. | oxygen and water | | | | |
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20.
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What occurs during the
digestion of proteins? A. | Specific enzymes break down proteins into
amino acids. | B. | Specific hormones break down proteins into simple
sugars. | C. | Specific hormones break down proteins into complex
starches. | D. | Specific enzymes break down proteins into simple
sugars. | | |
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21.
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Salivary amylase is an enzyme
which will act on starch, but not on proteins. This illustrates the fact that
enzymes A. | are not reusable | C. | are specific in their
action | B. | are made of sugars | D. | are only used for
digestion | | | | |
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22.
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A particular human intestinal
enzyme works best at a temperature of 37¡C and a pH of about 8. This enzyme will most
likely decrease in activity if there is an increase in A. | the amount of enzyme | C. | the light in the area | B. | the amount of substrate | D. | temperature to 50¡C | | | | |
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23.
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In order to survive, all
organisms must carry out A. | enzyme-controlled
reactions | C. | autotrophic nutrition | B. | the process of
photosynthesis | D. | the process of reproduction | | | | |
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24.
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Enzymes affect the reactions in
living cells by changing the A. | products of the
reaction. | C. | temperature of the reaction. | B. | speed of the reaction. | D. | pH of the reaction. | | | | |
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Short
Answer
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Base your answers to the
following questions on the word equation below and on your knowledge of
biology.
glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water +
X
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25.
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Name the process represented by
the equation.
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26.
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Name the molecule represented
by letter X.
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