Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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The hormone FSH stimulates the
development of a follicle in the human female. As the follicle develops, it secretes estrogen. A high
level of estrogen decreases the secretion of FSH. This mechanism is an example of a. | cell differentiation | c. | in vitro fertilization | b. | positive tropism | d. | negative feedback | | | | |
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2.
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The two systems that directly
control homeostasis in most animals are the a. | nervous and endocrine
systems | c. | nervous and locomotive systems | b. | endocrine and excretory systems | d. | excretory and locomotive
systems | | | | |
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3.
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During a long-distance run on a
hot day,an athlete produces large quantities of sweat.As a result,the kidneys change the rate of
urine production.Why is this change important? a. | Decreased urine production increases the
amino acids in the blood. | b. | Increased urine production removes amino
acids produced as a result of running. | c. | Decreased urine production allows the body
to conserve water. | d. | Increased urine production allows more
water to remain in the bloodstream. | | |
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4.
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The diagram below represents
the actions of two hormones in the human body.
This diagram best
illustrates a. | recombination | b. | feedback | c. | insertion | d. | deletion | | | | | | | | |
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5.
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A student is frightened by a
loud noise, which results in a hormone being released into the blood. The hormone causes the
student's heart to beat rapidly. The two systems that work together to cause this reaction are
the endocrine system that secretes the hormone and the a. | nervous system | c. | excretory system | b. | reproductive system | d. | digestive system | | | | |
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6.
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Which important human process
is represented by the following statement:
gland -> secretes -> chemical ->
transported -> organ -> change occurs a. | coordination | b. | digestion | c. | excretion | d. | cell respiration | | | | | | | | |
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7.
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If a human system fails to
function properly, what is the most likely result? a. | a stable rate of metabolism | b. | a disturbance in
homeostasis | c. | a change in the method of cellular
respiration | d. | a change in the function of DNA | | |
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8.
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Which statement describes a
feedback mechanism involving the human pancreas? a. | The production of estrogen stimulates the
formation of eggs for sexual reproduction. | b. | The level of oxygen in the blood is
related to heart rate. | c. | The level of sugar in the blood is
affected by the amount of insulin in the blood. | d. | The production of urine allows for excretion of cell waste. | | |
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9.
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An example of a human response
is a. | the secretion of a hormone | c. | the buzz of a bee | b. | a stone approaching the eye | d. | the fragrance of a
rose | | | | |
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10.
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Which hormone lowers blood
sugar levels by increasing the rate of entry of glucose into the cells? a. | follicle-stimulating hormone | c. | parathormone | b. | adrenalin | d. | insulin | | | | |
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11.
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An important method of
communication between cells in an organism is shown in the diagram below.
What is the chemical referred to in the
diagram? a. | a hormone important in maintaining
homeostasis | b. | an enzyme detected by a cell membrane
receptor | c. | DNA necessary for regulating cell functions | d. | a food molecule taken in by an organism | | |
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12.
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Homeostasis is illustrated in
the human body by the effects of insulin on the amount of a. | proteins digested | c. | oxygen transported to the lungs | b. | amino acids absorbed into the blood | d. | glucose in the
blood | | | | |
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13.
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A person was admitted to the
hospital with abnormally high blood sugar and an abnormally high sugar content in his urine. Which
gland most likely caused this condition by secreting lower than normal amounts of its
hormone? a. | pancreas | b. | parathyroid | c. | salivary | d. | thyroid | | | | | | | | |
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14.
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To communicate between cells,
many multicellular animals use a. | nerve signals and respiratory
gases | c. | bones and muscles | b. | respiratory gases and
hormones | d. | nerve signals and hormones | | | | |
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15.
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Increased perspiration, a
higher body temperature, and a rapidly beating heart are all possible responses to a stressful
situation. These body responses are most likely a direct result of the interaction of
the a. | digestive and endocrine systems | c. | digestive and respiratory
systems | b. | nervous and reproductive systems | d. | nervous and endocrine
systems | | | | |
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Short
Answer
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16.
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In the diagram above, state
one possible cause for the failure of muscle E to respond to a stimulus at
A.
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17.
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The graph below shows the
relationship between kidney function and arterial pressure
in humans.
State how a steady decrease in arterial
pressure will affect homeostasis in the human
body.
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18.
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How does insulin affect blood
sugar levels?
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19.
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The diagram below represents a
function of the thyroid gland.
State one effect of an increasing level of TSH-releasing factor.
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20.
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During hot weather and vigorous
exercise, people sweat. As the water on their skin evaporates, the water molecules absorb heat
energy. Why is this process important to the individual?
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21.
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Many different feedback
mechanisms have evolved over time. These mechanisms allow an organism to respond to changes in
both its internal and external environment. Select an organism from those you have learned
about and describe how a specific feedback process works within that organism. Include how the
feedback specifically helps the organism maintain homeostasis.
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